TOKYO: Japan’s Prime Minister Fumio Kishida has announced stepping down next month on the back of political scandals and widespread public discontent over inflation-spurred rising costs of living, saying politics can’t function without public trust.
“I made this heavy decision thinking of the public, with the strong will to push political reform forward,” he told a press conference on Wednesday to reveal his decision not to seek re-election as the leader of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP).
The LDP will hold a contest in September to replace him as president of the party, and, by extension, as prime minister.
Kishida’s ratings dipped after he took office in 2021 following revelations about the LDP’s ties to the controversial Unification Church.
His popularity took another hit when a slush fund of unrecorded political donations made at LDP fundraising events came to light.
He also faced public discontent as wages failed to keep pace with rising living costs as Japan finally shook off years of deflationary pressure.
"An LDP incumbent prime minister cannot run in the presidential race unless he’s assured of a victory," said Koichi Nakano, a professor of political science at Sophia University.
"It’s like the grand champion yokozunas of sumo. You don’t just win, but you need to win with grace."
His successor as LDP leader will face the task of restoring the public’s confidence in the party and tackle the rising cost of living, escalating geopolitical tensions with China, and the potential return of Donald Trump as U.S. president next year.
Monetary policy and military buildup
Through his stint as Japan’s eighth-longest serving post-war leader, Kishida broke from previous economic policy by eschewing corporate profit-driven trickledown economics to set his sights on boosting household income, including wage hikes and promoting share ownership.
He led Japan out of the COVID pandemic with massive stimulus spending and also appointed academic Kazuo Ueda as head of the Bank of Japan (BOJ) to guide the country out of his predecessor’s radical monetary stimulus.
In July, the BOJ unexpectedly raised interest rates as inflation took hold, contributing to stock market instability and sending the yen JPY= sharply higher.
Kishida’s departure could mean tighter fiscal and monetary conditions, depending on the candidate, said Shoki Omori, chief Japan desk strategist at Mizuho Securities in Tokyo.
"In short, risk-assets, particularly equities, will likely be hit the most," he said.
Kishida’s premiership was also marked by a changing security environment that spurred Japan to revisit its traditionally pacifist policy.
He unveiled Japan’s biggest military buildup since World War Two with a commitment to double defence spending aimed at deterring neighbouring China from pursuing its territorial ambitions in East Asia through military force.
At Washington’s prodding, Kishida also mended Japan’s strained ties with South Korea, enabling the two and their mutual ally, the United States, to pursue deeper security co-operation against the threat from North Korea’s missile and nuclear weapons programs.
"Personally, I wish he continued a little bit more as prime minister," said Naoya Okamoto, a 22-year-old office worker in Tokyo, the capital.
"Maybe he was stressed (with the low ratings), and with all the circumstances around him, I guess he has no choice but to step down."
Next leader
Former defence minister Shigeru Ishiba has already thrown his hat in the ring as a prospective replacement for Kishida, saying he would like to "fulfil his duty" if he gained enough support, public broadcaster NHK said.
Other names floated as potential contenders include Foreign Minister Yoko Kamikawa, Digital Minister Taro Kono, and former Environment Minister Shinjiro Koizumi.
Experts say the LDP will have to pick a fresh face that breaks from the scandals if it is to survive a general election due by the third quarter of 2025.
"If the LDP picks its next leader in a way that disregards public criticism against political funding scandals, the party could suffer a crushing defeat," said political analyst Atsuo Ito.
"The party must choose someone young who has no ties with the present administration and thus can present a new LDP."
